Apparatus for glass manufacture.



R. H. BOLIN.

APPARATUS FOR GLASS MANUFACTURE.

APPLICATION FIL BD AUG. 12,1907.

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APPARATUS FOR GLASS MANUFACTURE.

APPLICATION FILBDAUG. 12, 1907.

Patented May 4, 1909.

4 SHBBTS-SHEBT 2.

I. an mm 7 llilliv 1 am r R. H. BOLIN. APPARATUS FOR GLASS MANUFACTURE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 12, 1907.

Patented May'4, 1909.

4 SBIFBTS-SHEET 3.

R. H. BOLIN. PPITATUS FOR GLASS MANUFACTURE.

VA LIOATION rum) AUG.12,1907.

920,107, Patented May 4, 1909.

4 SHEETS-*SHEET 4.

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wwwwwo RICHARD H. BOLIN, OF KANE, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR GLASS MANUFACTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 12, 1907.

Patented May 4, 1909.

SeriaLNo. 388,100.

at Kane, in the county o'l McKc-an and State oi. Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful lmgn'ovements m Apparatus "for tllass Manufacture, of which the following is a specification.

This invt-mtion relates to the formation of glass into proper shape by machinery, and is.direc.ted more especially to the formation of glass cylinders or other shapes constitutmg a step in the manufacture of window or other sheet; glass.

The n'imary object of the invention is to eliminate, in this step of glass manufacture,

as far as possible the use of manual labor,

and to substitute theretor mechanism which will do the work more economically, with great. saving to the health and comfort of the tpierators, and without sacrificing the well known advantages-of hand manufacturc. p

l have found that the above objects may be accomplished to the best advantage by the employment of electricity wherever possible, both as a prin'iary motive power and as a regulating force, and avail myself of these advantages in carrying out my present. invention.

A further object of the invention is an improved arrangement of the cylindei forming apparatus with relation to the receptacle from which the cylinders and other shapes are drawn from the molten glass therein,

which consists in arranging a plurality of units to draw separate cylinders or other shapes out of a receptacle common to both or all of said units.

Another object of my said invention is to prov'de a form of ap )aratus in which the cylinders or other shapes are drawn directly from the body of the molten glass in the glass tank proper as contradistinguished from apparatus in which the glass is d 'awn from pots. troughs or extended hcarths, the

advantages of which will hereinafter more fully appear.

Mysaid"invention further relates to an improved form of furnace and tank, and the e nnbiiiation of the smile with cylinder drawing apparatus.

My invention further consists in the novel cmastrnct-ion and arrangement of parts herein described, and more particularly pointed out; in the accon'ipanying claims.

I I l in order to more fully describe my said invention reference will be had to the accompan ying drawings, in which,

Figure 1, represents partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section, with porlions broken away, a form of apparatus embodying my invention, the same being shown in the act of producilm a glass cylinder; Fig. 2, an enlarged view show n the blowing apparatus in side :i-levation, LES supporting frame in section, and thot'ront. end of the crane-boom and pulleys and hoisting cable in elevation; Fig. 3, an enlarged detail section of the coupling between the duct from the blower and the upper end of the blow pipe; Fig. 4, a top plan View of" one of the hoisting drums and its driving mechanism; Fig.5, a top plan view of said driving mechanism operating a cable drum of ditto)- ent form from the one shown in Fig. 4; Fig. (l, a top plan view, partly in horizontal section, of a term of furnace and glass tank embodying my invention; Fig. 7, a semidiagraminatic view of said 'lurnace and tank and the cylinder forming units a1- tinged around it; Fig. 8, a fragmentary vertical section along'linc S---8, Fig. (3, and Fig. 9, is a diagram of the electric circuits employed with one of the hoisting and blowing units.

. tel'erring to the accompanying drawings, 1 represents a glass furnace of novel construction which will be described in detail later on in this specification; 2, molten glass in said furnace, and 3, a hollow glass cylinder being drawn from said molten For the purpose of forming these cylinders, I provide one or more cylinderforming units each of which comprises in the case shown. mechanism to hoist the cylinders, mechanism to blow the cylinders, and means controlled by the hoisting mechanism either directly or indirectly to govern the cylinder blowing mechanism. This hoisting mechanism may consist; among other parts, as shown in the drawings. of a crane consisting '01 an upright or ma st -l pivotally mounted in a suitable bearing 5 for rotation on its vertical axis, which rotation may be eflcctcd in any desired manner. The arrangement which I have shown for this purpose consists of an electric motor 6 directly geared to a bevel gear 7, mounted on the lower portion of the mast 4. The upper end of the mast 4 is adapted to turn in a. guy cap 4', whereby the mast is retained ingthe correct vertical position. From the upper end of 1\ the mast 4 extends a gib consisting of two parallel I-beamsS an 9 made fast to one end to the top of the mast 4C and suitably stayed by means of brace 10. Journalednear the ends of said I-beams are two peripherally grooved pulleys, l1 and 12, over which respectively hoisting cables 13 and 14. These cables then pass over and support pulleys 15 and 16 of a swinging block 17, and thence to a point 18 on each of the beams 8 and 9 where they are made fast to said beams. The other ends of the cables 13 and ll passto a hoisting sheave 19 or drum connected tosuitable driving mechanism 20. This cable drum and driving mechanism may be mounted upon an arm or bracket 21 near the top of theinast l, and is inclosed in a suitable housin This way of mounting the drumand its driving mechanism is particularly advantageous in that it gets that mechanism out of the way and besides locates it conveniently withrespect to the pulleys 11 and 12, and saves a considerable length of hoisting cable by its proximity to said pulleys, also counterbalancing the boom and the weight carried thereby.

The particular form of mechanism which I have shown for driving the cable drum consists, among other parts, (:see Fig. 4) of an electric motor 23, the"arinature shaft of which is geared through-:. 'a pinion 24 thereon to a larger gear/ Q-Q/mounted fast on a counter-shaft 26, up o'n' which latter is also mounted fast a pinion 27. The gear 25 meshes with a pinion 28 mounted loosely on a shaft 29 and adapted to rotate rela tively thereto. The pinion 27 meshes with a large gear 30 also loosely mounted on shaft 29 to rotate relatively thereto. Rotation is transmitted to the shaft 29Jfr'om either the pinion 28 or near 30 by means of a mag netic clutch which may be of any desired conslriurtion; the one shown in the accompanying drawingbeing of well known construction, and consisting of a central clutch member 31 of magnetic metal in the ends of which are mounted two magnetizing coils 32- and 33 connected in any suitable way to collector rings 34-. 35 and 3G. which engage respectively three brushes 3?, 38 and 39, for

conveying the energizing current to and away from. said coils. as is well understood in the art, but which will be described more fully in connec the electricalcircuits later. flhiscentral clutch member 3i is keyed on the shaft 29 so that it must rotate with said-shaft, but is rap-able of slidin laterally thereon. The clutch member 31 is mounted between two clutch munbers 4O, 41, of magnetic metal,

mounted loosely on the shaft 29 and made fast respectively in any desired Way to the pinion 28 and gear-30. The shaft 29 transmits up ationlto the shaft 42. of the cable follow ion with the description ofv ozone"! drum through suitable worm earing 43. It will therefore be seen that or a given speed of the motor 23, the cable drum may be driven at two speeds, one high and the other low, depending upon whether the clutch connects the pinon 28 to drive the shaft 29. or connects the gear 30 to drive said shaft. lf current is sent through one of the exciting coils of the clutch, the central clutch member will be drawn to engagement with the clutch member T() ..thus causing the pinion to rotate with shaft This drives the cable drum at a compartively high speed. If current is sent through the other exciting coil of the clutch, the central clutch member 31. will be drawn into engagement with clutch member ll, thus setting thc clutch member 40 free to rotate on the shaft 29. and causing clutch member -l-l and gcar 30 to rotate with the member 3 This transmits rotation to the cable drum at a comparatively low speed. The object of this speed mrving mechanism will appear later.

.ln Fig. I, I have shown the cylindrical cable drum 1!) replaced by a double cone drum 1!). Vith a drum siich as the latter. it wil readily be seen that for a given speed of the drum shaf. the hoisting cable will, travel at a greater lineal velocity when being unwound from the portions of the cone of greater diameter. as for near the center linel'hcrcof than from portions of lesser diameter more remote from the center line forming the bases of the two cones. The advantage of securing this variable speed will appear more fully from the description of the operation of the apparatus which will Connected 'to the double pulley block 1.? in any suitable manner as by straps 44, is a frame 4-5 in which I mount in any suitable way, a blower 46 to which is preferably directly connected an electric motor 47. to drive the said blower. The outlet of this blower is connected by means of any suitable duct 48 to a blowpipe coupliau; rma sisting in the case shown, ofa nosr'ile i9, sl'idable on the end ofduct 48 againstthe tension of a coil spring 50; the said nozzle passing through a bushing 51 in a frame 52 secured to fame 4.5. The fame 52 can ries two L-shapcd supporting arms 53 and it adapted to engage and support a blow pipe 55 (see Figs. 2 and 3i. The blower shown is a rotary blower of any suitable ('UiiSil'llCliOi].

I do not heroin claim as my invention any specific form of blow pipe, hence this may he of any suitable construction. 'The one which i have shown is a well known forn'i, consisting of a bait 56 from which passes a tubular stem 57 provided with a handle 58, and terminating in a saucer-shaped head 59, into which is adapted to fit the head of the coupling nozzle 4.9. By pressing the nozzle 2 represents the shunt 49 upward, the blow pipe may be readly removed from its supporting frame. and,

direct current generator set delivering: current to three power mains 01, 02 and 03. from which current is tapped ott' for the apparatus at the several cylinder hoisting and blowing units. This generator set is adaptedto deliver one voltage, 220 volts for example, at brush 64 and another, 70 volts for example, at brush 65; while the intermediate brushes (S6 and 67 connect to the common return 63. The main 61 connects through series field 68 to the 220-volt brush 64, while the main 02 connects through series field 69 to the 70-volt brush 65. 70 field of the 220-volt generator. a

Double voltage generator sets are well known in the electrical art and need not further be desc ibed here, since I do not claim any particular form. The armature of the hoisting motor 23 is connected to a double throw reversing switch 71, which is connected to a double-throw switch 7 2, and these swltchesare so connected to'the supply mains that when thrown in one direction current from the -volt circuit will be delivered to the hoisting'motor to drive the said motor, in one direction. and when thrown the other way will deliver current to the hoisting motor from the 920-volt circuit to run it in the opposite direction. Also the clutch coils 32 and 33 are so connected with the switch 71 that when said switch is thrown to drive the hoisting motor in one direction one clutch coil will be energized, and when thrown to drive the hoisting inotorin the other direction the other clutch coil will be energized. A

\Vhen the switches 71 and 72 are thrown as shown in the drawing, the circuits from the mainsto the hoisting motor may be traced as follows: from 220-volt main 61, through tapsofi' wire 73, fixed resistance 74 rplaced there to prevent a too sudden inrush of current: on the motor, contact 75, blade 70 and contact 77-of switch 72, connecting wire 78, contact blade 80 and contact 81 of switch 71 {conductor 82, armature of hoisting motor 23%!conductor 83, contact 84, blade 85 and contact-80 of switch 71, tap-off wire 87,

to' tlcommon, return (33.

,The clutch coil circuit may be traced from the 70-volt main 02, through tap-oil wire. 88, contact 89, blade and contact 91 of switch 7l,condm.-tor 92, clutch coil 32,- through'tap otf wire 93 to common. return 63. The hoisting motor will then run in one direction on the. 220-rolt circuit and the magnetic clutch wil couple the cable drum to the hoist motor -shat't through the high speed gear ZS--28 which is employed in lowering the blowpipe.

11 is preferable to lower the cylinders at a higher speed than that which may be cmploycdin raising them from the molten glass. principally in order to save time. 'lhcret'ore when the hoisting; motor is rcvcrscd to lower the cylinder 1 run it on the 220-volt circuit, and high speed gear.

When raising: a cylinder, as in the process of forming the same, I prctcrably operate the hoist motor on the 70-volt circuit and gear it to the cable drmu through low speed gears 27-i30. To do this, switches 71 and 72 are thrown to the opposite position from that in which their blades are shown in Fig. 9. and when these switches are so thrown the circuits from the mains to-thc hoist motor may be traced as tollowszJtrom 70 volt main 02, to contact 0-1. blade 70 and contact 77. oi switch 72. connecting wire 78, contact 1);), bladoflt), contact 90, cross connection 07, and contact 84 of switch 71, conductor 8J3. armature ot hoisting motor 23, conductor H2, contact 81, cross connection 98, contact 00. blade 85, contact 100, tap-o'll wire 87. to common return (32}. The circuit to the clutch coil 33 may then be traced from the T0-voll main 02, through conductor 89, contact 8!), blade 00 and contact 101 of switch 71. conductor 102, clutch coil 33, through tap-otl' wire 01-} to the common return 03. V

The shunt field 101-3 ot' the hoist motor is connected to the 2z0-volt circuit by means of conductors 104 and 9 1 The motor 0-, for rotating the crane may be connected to the 70-voltmain (i1, and to the connnon return 03, as shown, and may be provided, with :Mstarting rheostat 103, or other suitable controller.

The blower motor =17 is operated preferably on the 70-volt circuit and is provided with a rheostator other suitable ccmtrollcr 105 connected in circuit therewith between the main 02 and the motor. or in any other suitable location, to vary the speed of said motor. The controller 105 is for manual operation. Also connectcd in circl'it ith blower motor 47 is a rheostat or other sui able speed controller 100, connected between the said motorand the conunon return 03, or

otherwise suitably located. This controller 100 is for automatic actuation either directly or indirectly by the hoisting of the cylinder in forming the same. The arrangement which 1 have herein shown for actuating this rheostat consists in connecting to its movable contact 107 a sprocket wheel 108 which is geared by means of sprocket chain 109, to a sprocket wheel 110 mounted on the shaft of the cable drum 19. of the hoisting apparatus. This electrical control of the blower constitutes a very im ortantjenture of this invention and its 0 jects and advantages will be readily apparent from the description of the operation of the apparatus which is to follow. I

The tank furnace which I have herein shown operating with the mechanism above described, consist-s, among other parts, of a main heating chamber 111 in which the lass material 1s reduced to a molten state by means of gas introduced therein through to each side of the heating chamber forms a. T-shaped structure as shown.

At suitable intervals down the center of the tank 113 are located a series of vertical flues 115 of suitable refractory material, ex. tending from the top of the tank down to the bottom thereof and communicating each with an, air space 116. This air space may be formed by supporting the bottom of the tank updii I-bEZUHS117, which may be railroad rails or other suitable supports properly spaced apart and supported upon a suitable formulation 118. The fluesllti are in reality pillars 01' supports for the arches 119 and ordinarily would be solid. These pillars are subject," however, to great heat and when solid, due to their lack of power to radiate heat fast enough, rapidly deteriorate. By making them hollow in the form of flues 115 and permittinig air from the outside to pass through the same as herein described, enoughheat is radiated to greatly prolong the life of these supports. i

The openings into the tank through which 'the cylinders are drawn are formed by a series of arches 119 of suitable refractory material extending from the said fines to the side Walls of'the tank and between fines, and located above the normal level of the glass,

' as shown. For each of said glassrdrawing openings in said tank 1. provide a cap stone 120 consistingof a slab of refractory material having through its center :1. preferably circular opening 121 which may be 60 inches in diameter or any other suitable size. Each of these cap stones is. of such shape as to conform to the particular a rrangcment of the arches 11f). forming the sides-of the opening with which a particular cap stone is used, as shown in Fig. 6..

The cap stones may be supported each by means of chains 122 connected thereto on opposite sides of the opening 12-1. The chains 1.22 are supported by chains 123 adapted to wind on shafts 124 journaled in horizontal brackets 125 secured to uprights 12G. 'lfhe shat'ts 124 may be rotated to wind crunwind chains in raising and lowering cylinder forming units dr neticchn'zch in this caseronr said cap stones, by connecting said. shafts through sprocket, gearing 127, or otherwise,-

s in the tank and locate these around the tanir as indirated diagrannnatically by the circles 139,

glfig. 1. These cylinder for-1m units thereroreall draw glasstrom a common receptacle which, in this case, the tit-Ill". flhis rangeinent is extremely advantageous in that.

it eliminates practically all the labor re- ;guircd in manipulating pots or other receptacles into which, according to present pract-lced methods of lass manufacture, the

"molten is placed to be crown from. 1'

am not aware of any apparatus other than that constituting my invention, wherein the glass cylinders are machine made, Wl'ltfl'tilii the cylinders are formed direct from the glass in the tank, or in which a plurality of chamber common to two or more such units. Assuming that the bait been Wercd into the glass in the ta;uk,.the opcrat forming a cylinder with the apparatus herein described is follows: The switch-es 7-1 and 72 are thrown as hereinberore described coils to the -volt supply circuit. The magdrulnto the hoistin motor throu h the low 2: 1 w a speed gearing, as nercrnbetore tully dezscribed. The movable cont-act the hand rheostat- 105 18' moved from the oii' posrtion to a desired position on. t resistan", contacts, which position 151G331 mentof the operator.

to the judg-. When the hoistimgj mechanism starts up, the movable contact or glass rrorn a to connect the hoist motor and the clutch ets the cable of rheostat 106 commences to rotate and I is so adjusted that when the bait is lowered into the v molten glass and the drawing is about to commence, it will commence to introduce resistance into the blower-motor ciror' During the tfowing of the cap, the operator of rh-eostat- 1G5 shifts its movable contact to cut out almost all of 'ts resistance from thebloWer-motor circuit, and the moving contact of rhe-ostat 1%, is cutting out resistance. formed and cylinder commences to be formed, the movable contact of hands rheostat placed in position to leave about half of the resistance of that rheost-st in the blower motor circuit, and is left that position throughout the rest of the cylinder forming process, unless the op-nator finds When the cap is From the time the cap is formed until the cylinder 18 about one fourth drawn the retraveling contact 107, and at the end of the first quarter of the drawing, about three fourths of its resistance is in the blower motor circuit. When the cylinder is about half drawn, about half of the resistance of the rheosta-t 106 will be cut in, and when the c \'linder-is about three quarters drawn, about three quarters of he resistance of rheostat lt'it; will be cut out. At the end of the draw- .in; the moving contact ofn'heostat 106 will have traveled for enougln"toashort circuit the re istance of that rheostat, i id the moving contact of hand rheostat' gll, 5 is moved to the oil position and bltiwer motor stopped. The hoistingmechanism is then stopped by opening switch 72 and the cylinder cutoff in any desired manner. The hoisting tnechanism is then started up again and the cylinder raised sutliciently to clear the top of the tank in being swung by the crane. The crane-rotating motor is then started up by means of controller 103. The crane is thus rotated to the desired position and the cylinder taken down.

It will be observed that after the cap has been formed and the operator of hand rheostat 105 has set the moving contact therefrom a desired point where it may remain until theeud of the drawing. that the blower will run at a gradually increasing speed regulated automatically by the rheostat 106, which gradually cuts out resistance from blower-motor circuit as the drawing procoeds.

if the conical drum, Fig. 4, is substituted for the cylindrical drum. Fig. 5, for a g'ivcn speed of the drutn shaft the cable may be made to unwind with an increasing linear velocity and may be made to wind up with a decreasing: linear velocity or vice \'ct'--':l, thereby tlllltlllltliit'tllh" varying the speed of the cable independent of the rate of rotation of the shaft of the drum. This is advantageous in that it is desirable to increase the rate atwvhieh the cylinder is raised from the molten glass in drawing and also to decrease the rate at which it. is lowered when taken down or when the blow pipe is lowered into i the molten glass.

Placing the blower close to the blow pipe as herein desm-ibed and shown, produces a more effective, uniform and quick acting regulation than when, the air pressure is conducted through longtubcs from one central pressure supply device, commonly called anairorneter,bperatcd by mcchan'ically controlled valves or slopt:ot'-.l s, which has hitherto been the practicecin this on, and which has the disadvantage of causing a simultaneous reduction of the air supply, it

the various machines should happen to be operated simultaneously.

Another advantage possessed by the present invention is the drawing of glass directly out of the main supply tank, permitting a uniformity of tluidity to the molten. glass, not. generally acquired when the molten glass is transferred from the main supply tank to the pots by a process known in the art. as ladling. This invention dispenses with the labor of ladling, a process of manual labor required in transferring the molten glass metal from the main supply furnace or tank to the pot or other receptacle from which it is drawn by the blow pipe. This process in transferring by manual labor, the molten glass metal substantially as described, limits the size at which cylinders can be blown by the physical capacity of the laborer engaged as a ladler. \Vith my invention there is p/ractically no limit to the size of cylinders which may be drawn.

The tank and its accessories pcr so herein described, may be used with cylinder drawing or glass working apparatus other than the form which I herein show as operating; in conjunction therewith, and, likewise, the glass drawing or working, apparatus per so en'ibodying my invention may be used with other styles of furnace. so that l do not. desire in all cases to be limited to the use of one of these forms of apparatus with the other. Moreover. I do not desire to limit my invention in all cases to the formation of cylinders, since some parts of the apparatus eopstituting my present invention may be 'used' for drawing or working glass into other forms.

What i do claim as my invention is:

l. .\pparatus for working glass, comprising hoisting means, electrically operated. blowing" means. and an el ctrical controller controlled by the hoisting means to auto- :naticallv control the blowing means.

2. .\p aratus for working glass. comprising" cylinder hoisting means, electrically operated cylimlcr blowing means, and an electrical controller controlled by the hoisting means to automatically control the blowing means.

3. Apparatus for the mamtl'acture of glass, comprising a receptacle for molten glass. a blow pipe, hoisting n'ieans connected to said blow pipe to lower the same into said glass and to withdraw the same therefrom. electrically driven mechanism to deliver lluid throu' h said blow )ipe, and an electrical,control er controlled by the hoist in; means to :nitoinatieally control the delivery of said fluid to said blow pipe.

\ 4. Glass working apparatus, comprising a blow pipe, a blower connected to deliver a blast direct to said blow pipe. an electric mollt) Ill

blast direct to said blownine an electric r motor connected to (true and blower, automalically operated electrical means to vary the speed of said motor and acting thereilirouo h to vary the blast from said blower, and hand operated. electricalnieans to also "control said blower motor.

(3. Apparatus for working glass, colnprising' a receptacle for molten glass, a blow pipe, hoisting mechanism supporting said blow ipe for vertical movement to and I away from the mags oi molten glass in said receptacle, a blowcr--connected to deliver a blast to said blow pipe, an electricinotor connected to said blower to operate the same, electrical controlling means connected to Hillll motor to control its speed, and operative nieclninical connection between said hoisting mechanism and said controlling means whereby the said. controlling means is actuated to automatically control the apcctl of saitl blower motor. T. l ppm-nine for working glass compris; iizg a receptacle for molten g'l a blow pipe, hoisting mechanism supporting said blow pipe tonvertical movement to and away from the mass of molten glass in Said a blower connected to deliver st 0 said blow pipe, an'electric motor conn 'ihil :etrical gontrolling means connected motor to control its speed; operative saiil hoistcontrolling l-f." (i niccoanical connection between inemechanism ami eaicl speed m 13 whereby the said; speed means is aclnateil to automatically contn the speed of said bh'm'er-niotor, and hand operated electrical speed controlling means connected in the circuit of said blower motorr i in glee n annfacinring apparatus, the

clianisnn l a ca le dram, an

el ctric motor, :i changing genre to connect motor to CilirVfi and drum, an electromagnetic elntclrznlepteii to change the gear connectionbetween the said motor and the rlrnm from gearing oriented to giro one epeci'l to gearing anapiccl to giife another epecrl to said ilrnnn means to operate said motor anal clutch, a. crane, pulleys on .saicl crane, and ii hoisting; cable ailaptetl to pass over Hflil pul -53's and wind on eail drum, of

to be mine?! and lowered tl to said blower to operate the cont-rolling i .wztli variable 5 eel hoisting.

why. a blower l blower to (lrivc the same, 5

I I l l l l l l essence an electric cir ii for operating said blowmotor, speed controlling rlieosta ellin said circuit-to very tile speeo blower motor, and operative Zl twee-r e-riiil rhcos 1 anti sail"; lioi a amen! whereby the blast from saiti blower to said blow pipe is antomnt Ty riei by the raising of seiil blow pipe by said borer, mg mecnanisin.

9. In glass inanufaotnrin npp: combination with vau'iable speed box no, lllfi'lllllllSlll, coinprieing a cable draw, an electric motor, speed changing gears to con-- nectsaid motor to Lll'lVQ said llrnnr, an elec tro-nmgnetic clutch adapted to change the gear connection between the saitl motor the (ll'lllll from gearing adapted to give one speed to gearing adapted togire auotiier speed to said dram, means to operate saiitl motor and clutch, a crane, pnllej son eaiil crane, and a hoisting cable adapt-e l to pareover said pulleys and Wind OllStill iil'lllll, of a supporting frame connected to said cable to be raised antl lowered thereby, blower mounted onfsaiii frame, electric motor (Ol'lllBClGlltO said blower to hire the same, a blow pipe supported by said. frame, a duct connecting sairlblow pipe to said. blower, an electric circuit for operatio said blower motor a speed. controlling rlleostxitconnected in said circuit-to vary the spec-ll of said blower inotor, operative connection. between said .rheostmi and said. hoisting mechanism whereby the blast tlirosn 52ml blower to said blow pi e is automatically varied by the raising of said l lowpipe by said hoisting mechanism, and a hand operated rheostat also in circuitwith on said blower motor to control the same. I

10. In glass nmnufactnring apgiara lot tlie 1% combination With a blow pipe, of n rotary blower located in close proximity tos: blow pipe and connected to deliver-a bl thereto, an electric motor connected loeaid 1M cult on which said motor operated, anti electrical incansto vary the spec lof said motor to regulate eanl blast. U

11. In glass niamit'in'rtnring apparatns tl'ie combination with variable syeetl lioiilting; mechanism comprising, an centric n otiir, speed varying gear adapted to connect with said motor, a magnetic clutch operating in conjunction with said gears: anrljiioisting means connected to be driven lift said motor tliroiigli sail! pcari h anlchiurb, oil a2 source of electrical cncrp circuitcliangingsw'itcllrs to connect Said source ofcnerg to r-iaiii mo tor and clutch. aml glass bio. '11 apparatus opcratixicly onnected to Saul-ilxoisting nicausto be raiscil and lmvercli threbyl l9. In glass manoint-luring apparalnei-lie combination with electrically operaieil hoist ingl mechanism, ol glass blowing aggparntoe operativcly comm-toil thereto to be raised eeonov and lowered thereby, a double voltage ele*- trical' shpply circuit, and current reversing circuit changing" switches adapted to conncc-t said circuit to operate said hoisting mechanism in one direction on. one voltage and in an opposite direction on the other rol'tngc. 1

13, (lines inanuracturing apparatus. comprising; a glass furnace having a main tank for molten glass, and a heating chamber in I which the glass is reduced to a molten state, said tank communicating directly with said chamber, a plurality of cap stones located in saidtnnlr and extending above the level of t5 the glass therein, each of' said cap stones comprising a. slab of refractory material having an opening therethrongh, mechanism to support said -cap stones for vertical more ment, and mechanism adapted to form glass 2Q articles by drawing the some from the mol- Zi 011 glass in said tank throngh said openings in ,s'aid cap stones.

"14:. Glass drawing apparatus, comprising alblower, it blow ipe connected to said blowe'rfto deceive air therefrom, means to q dririe' said blower, and hoisting means adapted to raise and lowi cr said blow i e and blower together in the operation oi t w apparatus.

- 15', Glens drawing apparatus, comprising a rotary blower, an electric motor connected 'to d'rive' said blower, a blow pipe, av short air conductin connection. between said. blower and'blow pipe, a frame supporting said parts, and hoisting mechanism connected'to 'said frame whereby the said motor, blower andblow pipe may be raised. and lowered tonether in the operation of the mechanism.

'16. Apparatus for drawing" glass articles 40 from a mans of molten glass, comprising a receptacle for the molten glass, a movable support, a blow pipe, means to force a blast of air through said blow pipe during the drawing procese, n hoisting suspene5 sion, a blow pipe supporting device connected to said suspension, the said blow pipe 0" being removahljii connected to said blow pipe ,z'mpportinn' device, and the said blow pipe and its supporting; device freely suspended by said suspension froi'n snid movablesupport to be lowered into tho glass in said tank and raised therefrom during the drawing): process, the said movable :n pport being coiistructcd and arranged to transport the freely suspeiuled blow pipe with the drown article depending therefrom from the drawing poeition over the glow in the tank to'n taking down position.

l7. ipparntus for drawing glass articles 66 from 21 mass of molten glass, comprising a tank for the molten glans, a movable crane, a blow pipe, at l low'fir connected to said blow pipe to (ll'llYPl' a b'hmt thcrethrough, an clcclric motor connected to drive Sflltl blower, a carriage supporting said blow pipe, blower and motor, a flexible hoisting cable by suspended from said crane, and means cooperating with said cable to raise and lower said carriage and said parts carried thereby, whereby the blow pipe may be let downinto the molten glass in said tank and drawn upward therefrom in the drawing process, the said movable crane adapted to transport the drawn article from the drawing position over the molten glass in-said tank to a taking' down position away therefrom.

18. Apparatus for from a mass of molten glass, comprising a receptacle for the molten glass, 21 revolublo which said carriage is freely rawing glass articles I c arm, a blow pipe, means to force a blast of I -air through said blow pipe during the drawing process, a blow pipe supporting device to which said blow pipe is removably attached, a flexible suspension by which said blow pipe and its supporting device are freely suspended from said crane, and means cooperating with said suspension to lower said blow pipe into said glass and draw the same upward therefrom in the drawing process, the said rcvoluble crane constructed and arranged to swing the drawn article depondi'n from the freely suspended blow pipe, llrom the drawing position over the molten glass to a taking down position nway therefrom.

19. Apparatus for drawing glass articles from a mass of molten glass, comprising a' glass tank containing the molten glass, av

refractory body having an opening therethrongh, mechanism supporting said body for movement with relation to the body of the glass in said tank, a blow pipe, mechanism constructed and arranged to en port and lower said blow pipe into the bocy of the molten glass in said tank through said opening in said refractory body, and to draw said blow pipe upi'ard therefrom in the drnwiug process, and means to supply it blast of air throunh said blow pipe during the drawing proco'is.

20. The.,combiuation with the main tank of a glass furnace containin molten glass. of a blow pipe, mechanism to lower said blow pipe into the mass of said molten glass in the. main tank of said furnace and to withdraw said blow piplc therefrom, means to force fluid into said blow pipe, and elcctrical means to control said fluid, the said apparatus being adapted to draw glass cylinders (lircct from the mass of molten glass in said main body of the tank.

In testimony whereof l nllix my signature in presence of two wilneqses.

RICHARD H. BOLlN. W i tncsscs I Vi'innum' Vl Amnn blcllmm, .lli-mm l S'nArri-lu. 

